Eduard Jedlička immigrated to the New York from Bohemia under the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1895. In addition to having a career as a jeweler, Jedlička recorded all manner of Czech songs and poetry on his own label, Jedličkovy České Rekordy. Jedlička’s cylinders are some of the first recordings made for a specific ethnic group in the United States. This presentation will trace the history of Jedlička’s life, his business, and the recent discovery of original Ed. Jedlička cylinders. The National Museum, Czech Republic has worked to identify, describe, transcribe, and translate these cylinders in collaboration with the University of Iowa’s Rita Benton Music Library. These unusual specimens of early recording document Czech culture in the United States, which this paper will explore through the songs, performers, and producers of the content.