Engineering biological devices that can emulate capabilities of living cells from molecular building blocks is a longstanding goal of synthetic biology. In recent years great progress has been made in recapitulating sophisticated cytosolic processes from purified components, such as the ability to regulate protein synthesis. In contrast, artificial cell membranes lag behind in their capabilities due to a poor understanding of how to engineer membrane complexity, for example, by introducing functional membrane proteins. Among the many outstanding challenges, one is the lack of precision techniques to systematically explore the multidimensional spaces of membrane composition parameters like lipid content. In consequence, relationships between critical membrane processes, e.g. protein binding and inserting, and lipid composition are poorly characterized. To alleviate this need, we present the development of suite of microfluidic tools to build, manipulate artificial cells with different membrane composition and quantify their biophysical properties at the single artificial cell level. Advances in our microfluidic tool-kit includes devices for on-the-fly variation of artificial cell lipid composition and multiplexed perfusion over immobilized artificial cell populations. Furthermore, we add to our compositional probes by developing a DNA based optical sensor for assaying membrane surface charge.
Today, community outreach and engagement are essential aspects of the institutional policies of museums and archives holding wax cylinder recordings in the UK and the Western world, and the recirculation of such collections among cultural heritage communities in countries of origin is an established method of applied ethnomusicological research (Gunderson, Lancefield, and Woods 2018). Sound exhibitions offer a way of engaging communities with historical recording collections in such places, yet limited technical resources and poor infrastructure often hamper these efforts. Between January and March 2022, I conducted a research project funded by the International Association of Sound and Audiovisual Archives on the cylinder recordings of the British administrator-anthropologist John Henry Hutton (1885–1968), which are held by the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford. Further project partners included the Archives and Research Center for Ethnomusicology (India) and the Highland Institute, an independent research institute in Kohima, the state capital of Nagaland. The project concluded with a well-received sound exhibition at the Highland Institute. In this presentation, I discuss how we organized the exhibition in collaboration with Naga visual artists, musicians, and academics, manufacturing sound boards with the help of local artisans, importing technical equipment from the UK, designing standees and posters, arranging performances, and conducting workshops with pupils and students from surrounding schools and colleges. In this way, my presentation offers insight into how to organize an exhibition with cylinder recordings in a region where there are no exhibition design companies and professional technical support is hard to come by.
The study was designed to determine the ameliorative potential of quercetin and catechin against the toxicity induced by co-exposure to Mancozeb (MZ) and arsenic in Wistar rats. Sixty-adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 10 groups (n=6). Group I served as control and group II was exposed to MZ [800 mg/kg, PO (per OS)]. Groups III, IV, and V were given drinking water containing sodium arsenite at the rate of 10, 50, and 100 ppb, respectively, for 28 days. Groups VI, VII, and VIII were treated with sodium arsenite in drinking water at 10, 50, and 100 ppb, respectively, along with MZ (800 mg/kg) for 28 days. Groups IX and X were given drinking water mixed with sodium arsenite at 100 ppb, MZ at 800 mg/kg, and quercetin (50 mg/kg) and catechin (50 mg/ kg), respectively. Co-exposure to the toxicants (MZ and arsenic) significantly (P<0.05) aggravated the oxidative stress-induced alterations and the histopathological changes induced by individual toxicants. Supplementation of quercetin or catechin markedly attenuated the variations in nitric oxide levels and oxidative biomarkers in blood and the brain and shielded the histomorphology of the brain against oxidative damage.
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